Book4 Unit 1 Women of achievement
 
考点聚焦  真题再现

1. She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. (Warming Up)

       [考点] devote意为“把……专用于；把……奉献给；专心致力于”，后常接反身代词或表示时间、能源、精力等的名词作宾语，宾语后常接to短语；to为介词，可后接名词，代词或-ing形式。

       [真题再现1] Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ____ some schools for poor children. (上海2001春)

       A. set up  
       B. setting up   
       C. have set up   
       D. having set up

       [点拨] 选B。此句的结构是Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote ... to ... ， he had是定语从句，修饰all， to为介词， 后跟-ing形式， 可排除A、C；根据句意“利德先生决定用自己所有的一切为贫困儿童建造几所学校”，说明set up这一动作尚未发生，故应用其-ing形式的一般式而非完成式。

       [真题再现2] Although the working mother is very busy, she still _____ a lot of time to her children. (上海 2003)

       A. devotes        B. spends
       C. offers           D. provides

       [点拨] 选A。spend time (in) doing sth. / on sth.花……时间干……；offer sb. sth. / offer sth. to sb.向某人提供……； provide sth. for sb. / provide sb. with sth. 提供某物给某人；只有A项符合题意。

2. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. (Reading)

       [考点] only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句置于句首时，主句要用倒装。

       [真题再现1] Only in this way _____ to make improvement in the operating system.　　　　　　(上海2003春)

       A. you can hope 
       B. you did hope  
       C. can you hope 
       D. did you hope

       [真题再现2] Only  when your identity has been checked, ________.   (上海 2003)

       A. you are allowed in
       B. you will be allowed in
       C. will you allow in
       D. will you be allowed in

       [点拨] 此两题分别选C、D。其中[真题再现2]中的you与allow之间是被动关系， 故用被动语态。

3. But it was not her success at university that had made her famous. (Using Language)

       [考点] It was ... that ... 是强调句型。其结构为It is / was + 被强调的部分+ that +句子的其它部分。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语、表语、状语（从句）， 但不能是谓语。当强调的主语、表语、宾语是人时，that可用who替换。

       [真题再现1] It was with great joy _______ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. (福建 2004)

       A. because       B. which    
       C. since          D. that

       [真题再现2] It is the ability to do the job _______ matters not where you come from or what you are. (NMET 2000)

       A. one           B. that       
       C. what          D. it

       [点拨] 此两题分别选D、B。 [真题再现1]强调的是状语；[真题再现2] 强调的是主语。

 
主谓一致练与析

请用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

1. Three years _______ (have) passed since they met last time, and for them, three years_______ (be) really a long time. 

2. _______ (be) everybody going to take part in the game this afternoon?

3. My family _______ (be) the largest one in our village. Besides, my family ______ (be) all party members.

4. The whole class ________ (be) now listening to the teacher attentively.

5. The news ______ (be) very exciting.

6. To learn one or two foreign languages _______ (be) very important nowadays.

7. The last and most difficult lesson _______ (be) Lesson 14.

8. I, who _______ your friend, will try my best to help you.

9. The scientist and engineer _______ (have) invented a new machine.

10. Alice，together with her friends，_______ (be) punished for having broken the school rules.

11. Every girl and every boy _______ (have) the right to join the club.

12. —_______ (be) either she or you to go and attend the meeting?

—Neither she nor I________(be).

13. Ancient and modern history _____ (be) the subjects we are studying.

14. Many a scientist _______ (have) devoted their lives to science.

15. The old _______ (be) respected in our country.

 
答案与解析：

1. have; is。表示时间、金钱、距离、重量的复数名词表示单位数量用作主语时， 通常看作整体，谓语动词用单数形式（第二空）; 若强调数目，谓语动词用复数形式（第一空）。

2. Is。不定代词anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, something, nobody, nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

3. is; are。集体名词family, class等作主语时，如果强调整体（第一空），谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调个体（第二空），则用复数形式。

4. are。

5. is。某些名词以-s结尾，表面看是复数形式，实际上是单数概念，如physics, news等，它们作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

6. is。当主语是不定式短语，-ing形式短语或主语从句时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。

7. is。一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰，如果表示的是同一概念，谓语动词一般用单数。该句意为“最后一课十四课是最难的一课。”

8. am。     

9. has。两个名词或代词由and连接作主语时，当and不表示并列意义，而连接两个在意义上表示同一人、物或概念或由两个部件配成的物品时，谓语动词用单数。

10. was。主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如用with，along with， as well  as, like, rather than, but, except, besides, including等与修饰语连接，谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系。

11. has。两个并列的名词由each，every， no等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数。

12. Is; am。当用作主语的两个名词或代词由or， either ... or, neither ... nor或 not only ... but also等连接时，谓语通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致。

13. are。一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰，表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词一般用复数。

14. has。“many a + 单数名词”作主语时，表达的是复数意义，但谓语动词要用单数。   

15. are。“the+形容词 / 过去分词”表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数。