Word study

1. ignore v.
a)   take no notice of   (sb./sth.)    
 Even the best of men ignored that simple rule.
b)   refuse to greet or acknowledge sb. on purpose 
 I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely!

2. cheat V.
a)   act in a way that is not honest or fair in order to win something or to get something
He accused her of cheating at cards.
b)   trick or deceive   
He tried to cheat the taxman but failed.
* cheat at sth.
cheat on sb.
cheat sb. (out) of sth.: prevent sb. from having sth. esp. in an unfair or a dishonest way  
He was cheated out of his rightful inheritance. n.
a)   person who cheats, esp. in a game   
b)   dishonest trick   

3. dare vt. & modal v.
a)   to be brave enough to do something 
I didn't dare tell Dad that I failed in the physics exam.
b)   how dare you, he, she, etc (used to express anger about sb.)    
How dare you suggest that I cheat in the exams!

4.  advice   n. [ U]  suggestions given about what to do or how to behave   
There's a booklet giving advice on how to set up your own business.
If you take my advice, you'll see a doctor.
* a piece of advice
a word of advice

5. situation n.
a)   the set of things that are happening at a certain time and place   
 I found myself in an embarrassing situation.
b)   position of a town, building, etc 
The park's situation is perfect.
•  save the situation

6. communicate v.
a)   to make (news, opinions etc) known by speaking, writing, moving your body, or using other signals 
We can now communicate instantly with people on the other side of the world.
b)  to talk about your thoughts and feelings, and help other people to understand them
Sometimes young people find it difficult to communicate with their parents.
 communicate with sb./sth.

7. trust
a)   n.   [U]  belief that one can rely on the goodness, strength, ability, etc of sb./sth.
A good marriage is based on trust.
b)   v. to believe that someone is good and honest and will not harm you   
My sister is a person who trusts the others easily.
•  trust in sb./sth.   
 trust to sth.   

8.  habit n. something that you do often, almost without thinking about it 
He's just eating out of habit,  -----he's not really hungry.
It is all right to borrow money occasionally, but don't let it become a habit.
•  be in/ fall into /get into the habit of doing sth. 

9. reason
a)   n. the facts about why something happens or why someone does something
Is there any reason why you can't come to the meeting?
b)   n.  something that makes it right for you to do something   
There is a good deal of reason in what you say.
•  by reason of sth.
He escaped punishment, by reason of his youth,
out of reason 
beyond reason 

Phrases and Idioms

1.  add up: calculate the total of   (two or more numbers or amounts)
1)   Some people can add up quite easily in their heads, but not all.
2)   Every time I add these figures up, I get a different answer.
3)   The various facts in the case just don't add up.

2. be concerned about/for: be worried about 
1)   Please don't be concerned about me.
2)   He was very concerned about his children's education.
3)   He called the police because he was concerned for his father's safety.

3.  Set down: note or record sth. on paper; write sth. down   
1)   Why don't you set your ideas down on paper?
2)   Anne set all the events that happened down in her diary.
3)   Rules have been set down and must be obeyed.

4.  a Series of: number of things, events, etc; of a similar kind, esp. placed or happen¬ing one after another   
1)   A series of lectures was scheduled for the next weekend.
2)   We have had a series of stormy days when we were on the island.
3)   A series of wet days spoiled our vacation.

5.  Suffer from: feel pain, discomfort, great sorrow, etc
1)   Do you suffer from headaches from time to time?
2)   She has been suffering from loss of memory after the accident.
3)   He suffered a great deal from cold and hunger when he was a child.

6.  in order to do sth.: with the purpose or intention of doing sth.
1)   She got to the lecture room early in order to get a good seat.
2)   In order to follow the buffalo, the Indians often had to move their camps.
3)   He was saving as much as possible in order to pay for his house.

7.  face to face: very close, directly, meeting someone in the same place 
1)  She came face to face with the professor as he walked into the lecture hall.
2)  I think we need a face-to-face talk so as to clear the misunderstanding.
3)  I have often heard of her. Actually, I've never met her face to face.

Structures and Patterns

1. Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts?
1)   Do you know the boy whom I am speaking to?
2)   She brought with her three friends, whom I had met before.
3)   I spent hours talking to Sue, whom I'd met only once before.
2.1 wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I have grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
1)   I wonder if you have seen Bill's new poem called the Red Rose.
2)   She wondered why Anne had such a down on Helen.
3)   I wonder if you'd give me some advice.
3. It was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face.
1)   It was the third time that I had been to America.
2)   It was the first time that I talked with a foreigner face to face.
3)   Do you still remember the last time we met at the airport?
4.  But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn't dare open a window.
1)   She speaks French far better than I, so I don't dare talk with her in French.
2)   The room is far too hot, but I don't dare take off my coat.
3)   There is much less water in the river than usual, so the farmers don't dare use it to water the fields.
5.  I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.
1)   He stayed single all his life in order to look after his disabled sister.
2)   How does sea water stay clean?
3)   The weather has stayed warm all week.
6. But other students have started gossiping.
1)   I don't want to end the friendship, but I hate others gossiping.
2)   Anne liked sitting in the open facing the nature.
3)   Do you enjoy setting down your thoughts and feelings in a diary?