Loading... Please wait...5.lack
* v. 缺乏
短语搭配：
lack…缺少
be lacking in… 缺乏
lack for…需要
⑴He is not lacking in wisdom.
他并不缺乏聪明才智。
⑵I am lacking in courage.
我缺乏勇气。
⑶They lacked for nothing.
他们无所需求（应有尽有）。
⑷They lacked the money to send him to university.
他们没钱送他上大学。
* n. 缺乏，短缺
短语搭配：
for lack of…因缺乏…
⑴The meeting ended because of lack of order.
因为秩序混乱，会议终止了。
⑵The project had to be abandoned for lack of funds.
工程因资金匮乏而只得放弃。
高考链接：
Though _______ money, his parents managed to send him to university.（2002上海高考）
A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in
解析：lack是及物动词，后面带有宾语“钱”，又因“父母”与“缺乏”之间存在主谓关系，所以要用表示主动含义的lacking作状语。若选B，则要把of 改为in。
答案：C
6.stay
系动词 “保持，维持某状态”，后面可接形容词或名词
⑴They stayed friends for years.
他们的友谊维持了多年。
⑵The shop stays open until ten at night.
这家商店一直营业到晚十点。
⑶I stayed awake because of missing home last night.
我昨晚想家没睡着觉。
*常见stay搭配：
stay in 呆在家里
stay for sth 留在某人家（吃饭）
stay away from与…保持距离，远离…
stay out 不回家，呆在户外
stay up 熬夜，不睡觉
⑴The doctor advised me to stay in for a few days.
医生建议我在家休息几天。
⑵Won’t you stay for supper?
你吃了饭再走好吗？
⑶I don’t like you staying out so late.
我不喜欢你在外面呆到这么晚。
⑷Tell him to stay away from my sister.
叫他离我妹妹远一点。
⑸She promised the children they could stay up for their favorite TV programme.
她答应孩子们可以晚点睡，看他们最喜欢的电视节目。
高考链接：
Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will ______ fresh for several days.(NMET2003)
A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed
分析：stay 系动词，意为“保持某种状态”，此时不能用于进行时态。题意为：肉放在冰箱里可以保鲜好几天。
答案：B
7.含有fire的短语搭配：
catch fire 着火，起火(强调动作)
be on fire 着火（强调状态）
control the fire 控制火势
put out a fire 扑灭大火
be killed in a fire 在火中丧生
watch a fire 观看大火
make a fire 生火
be trapped by a fire被大火围困
escape from a fire 从火中逃生
play with fire 玩火
set …on fire 使…着火，纵火
set fire to…使…着火，纵火
go through water and fire 赴汤蹈火
⑴The pair of papers caught fire. Someone must have set fire to it.=Someone must have set it on fire.
这一叠文件着火了，肯定有人放火。
⑵The house is on fire.
房子着火了。
⑶It’s very cold. Let’s make a fire to keep us warm.
天很冷，让我们生堆火暖和一下。
⑷The firemen tried to control the fire.
消防人员尽力控制火势。
⑸Don’t play with fire.
别玩火。
⑹A big forest fire broke out last night.
昨夜发生了一场森林火灾。
⑺The fire had been put out before they arrived.
大火在他们到来之前就被扑灭了。
*
fire-alarm 火警报警器
fire-bomb 燃烧弹
fire-break （森林中除掉树木以防止森林火蔓延的）放火带
fire-eater 表演吞火的人
fire-escape可借以逃离火场的太平梯或机械装置
fire-fighter 消防人员（尤指护林的）
firefly萤火虫
fireman 消防队员
fireplace 壁炉
fire-power火力
fire station 消防站
firewood 木柴
firework 烟火
考题链接：In that terrible rebellion, a great many houses were set ______, most of which were burnt______ the ground.
A. fire, × B. a fire, on C. fire to, to D. on fire, down
分析：set fire to sth “放火烧某物”的被动形式应是sth. be set fire to； burn sth. to the ground为固定搭配。
答案：C
8.cheer v. 喝彩，向某人欢呼；给某人安慰
⑴The crowd cheered loudly as the Queen appeared.
女王出现时群众高声欢呼。
⑵He was greatly cheered by the news.
他知道这个消息很高兴。
短语搭配：
cheer up （使）高兴起来，（使）振作起来
cheer sb on 鼓舞或鼓励某人更加努力
⑴You look as though you need cheering up.
看来你需要振作起来。
⑵Try and cheer up a bit; life isn’t that bad.
尽力高兴点儿，生活并不是那么糟。
⑶Flowers always cheer a room up.
房间里有一有花就满室生辉。
⑷The crowd cheered the runners on as they started the last lap.
赛跑进入最后一圈时，观众为运动员加油鼓劲。
* n. 欢呼声，喝彩声
Her performance drew cheers.
她的演出赢得一片喝彩声。
9.aid
* v. 帮助
They encouraged and aided him in his scientific studies.
他们鼓励帮助他进行科学研究。
* n. 帮助，援助
短语搭配：
with the aid of … 在…的帮助下
come/go to sb’s aid 来/去帮助某人
first aid 急救
do/give/offer first aid to sb. 对某人施行急救
⑴With the aid of a neighbor, he managed to put out the fire.
他在邻居的帮助下把火扑灭了。
⑵He hurt his arm during the volleyball match, and some of us gave him first aid.
他在排球赛中胳膊受伤了，我们几个人对他进行了急救。
⑶She came quickly to his aid.
她急忙来帮助他。
10.moment n. 片刻，瞬间
短语搭配：
for a moment 一会儿，片刻
for the moment 暂时
at the moment 此刻；现在
in a moment 立即，立刻
⑴I have nothing to do for the moment.
我暂时无事可做。
⑵I had to think for a moment before I remembered his name.
我想了一会儿才记起他的名字。
⑶You go first I’ll come in a moment.
你先走我马上就来。
⑷At the moment he was busy preparing his lessons.
那时，他正忙于准备功课。
⑸He’s unemployed at the moment and has been for over six months.
他目前失业已经半年多了。
考题链接：
The number is engaged_________. Call again later.
A. any moment B. any minute C. of moment D. at the moment
分析：at the moment 此刻，现在。题意为：这个号现在占线，请稍后再拨。
答案：D
11.on the contrary 与此相反，正相反
⑴It doesn’t seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think it’s rather beautiful.
我觉得它并不丑，恰恰相反，它挺美。
⑵----Are you nearly through?
----On the contrary, I’ve only just begun.
你快干完了吗？恰恰相反，我才刚刚开始呢。
* to the contrary 意思相反的（地）
⑴I know nothing to the contrary.
我不知道任何相反的情况。
⑵Go ahead unless you are advised to the contrary.
如果没有相反的通知，你们就干起来好了。
考题链接：
----He’s no use at all.
----______, I have found him a great deal of use.
A. Generally speaking B. Believe it or not C. First of all D. On the contrary.
分析：-He’s no use at all和 I have found him a great deal of use.的句意相反。
答案：D
12.proper adj. 适当的，正确的，恰当的
⑴The reels of film were not in the proper order.
电影胶片卷盘的顺序错了。
⑵He said something proper for the occasion.
他说了一些适合时宜的话。
* properly adv. 适当地，恰当地
⑴She will have to learn to behave properly.
她要懂得检点些。
⑵That is not, properly speaking, a dictionary, but a grammar.
严格地说来那不是一本词典，而是一本语法书。
高考链接：
I don’t think Peter is too young to take care of the pet dog_______. (2001上海高考)
A. correctly B. properly C. exactly D. actively
分析：
correctly 正确地，exactly 精确地，actively 积极地。只有properly “合适地，恰当地”符合题意。
答案：B
13.suddenadj. 突然的
suddenly adv. 突然
all of a sudden 突然，出乎意料地
sudden death （因胜负未决而延长比赛）加赛一分或一场以决胜负
⑴Suddenly, everyone started shouting and singing.
突然间，大家都喊起来、唱起来了。
⑵All of a sudden, the tyre burst.
轮胎突然爆裂了。
高考链接：
All of ____ sudden, I caught ______ sight of my English teacher in the crowd, smiling to me. I calmed down. (2002 全国高考)
A. a, × B. a, a C. ×, a D. ×, ×
分析：all of a sudden （突然）和catch sight of （看见）是固定短语。
答案：A
14.live with
*和…住在一起
I don’t live with my parents.
我没和父母住在一起。
*接受或忍受…
⑴You’ll have to learn to live with it, I’m afraid.
我看，你得学会忍受这种现象。
⑵You have to learn to live with stress.
你得学会忍受压力。
*常与with搭配的动词有：
agree with同意
talk with 与…交谈
meet with 遇见
fill with 用 …填满
begin with 以…开始
change with 随着…而变化
compare with 比得上，可与…相匹配
deal with 处理
come up with 提出，找到
15.so
(1)用作替代词
*用来替代think, believe, hope, expect, imagine, guess, suppose等后的宾语从句。
---Is she going to study abroad?
---I believe so.
---她打算去留学吗？
---我想是的。
I hope you will succeed. She hopes so.
我希望你会成功，她也希望你成功。
*替代动词notice, see, hear, say, tell, understand等后的宾语从句，常置于句首。
There was only a chair in the classroom, so they noticed.
他们注意到教室里只有一张椅子。
It’s going to rain, so the broadcast says.
广播说要下雨了。
*替代tell, say, seem, appear等后的从句，可置于句首或句末。
---Does the boy want to ride the bicycle in the street?
---It seems/appears so. (So it seems/appears.)
---那个男孩要在街上骑自行车吗？
---好象是的。
*替代seem, appear, be, become, remain之后的名词、形容词及afraid之后的从句。
I could hardly believe it but it was so.
我几乎不能相信，但这确实是真的。
---Do you think she will come tomorrow?
---I’m afraid so.
---你认为她明天会来吗？
---我想是。
*还可以与if等从属连词搭配，构成无动词条件句。
Has she done the week’s washing? If so, I’ll ask her to see a film tonight.
她本周的衣服洗完了吗？如果洗完了，我今晚请她看电影。
(2)用作连词，表示目的或结果，so that结构中有时that可省略。
Check carefully so (that) any mistakes will be caught.
仔细检查以便找出错误。
He worked hard so（that） he might succeed.
他努力工作以便有成就。
We hurried so (that) we didn’t miss the last bus.
我们加快脚步，因此没错过最后一班公共汽车。
It was so dark, so I couldn’t see what was happening.
天很黑，所以我当时看不见发生了什么事。
高考链接：
---The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they?
---_____.
A. I guess not so B. I don’t guess C. I don’t guess so D. I guess not
答案 D
分析 答语中动词为guess, believe, hope等时， 不说I don’t guess/believe/hope so, 而应说 I guess/hope/believe not.